A unit may not use much fuel daily, but when it does need fuel, a problem exists in delivering bulk fuel to vehicles. Because of the engine design, these tanks use fuel at a fairly steady rate whether they drive long distances or not. The exception to this rule is a force equipped with M1 tanks. Engineer equipment and power generation equipment may use more fuel but requirements are small. Combat vehicles normally use less fuel in urban areas, because they travel shorter distances and perform less cross-country traveling. The amount of bulk fuel needed by a battalion or task force during combat in urban areas is usually reduced, due to the density of the terrain. Carrying parties may be used if streets are blocked by rubble.ī. Bradley fighting vehicles (BFVs) or armored personnel carriers (APCs) may have to be allocated for the movement of ammunition if rubble or glass prevents wheeled-vehicle traffic. The plan must include how ammunition and explosives are to be moved forward to the companies. Commanders and S4s must plan to meet these high consumption rates. Even though it decreases during succeeding days, consumption remains high. The ammunition consumption rate for the first day of combat in an urban area can be up to four times the normal rate. Not only do individual soldiers fire more small arms ammunition, they use more munitions such as smoke, stun, concussion, and fragmentation grenades LAWs AT4s Claymore mines and explosives. Urban combat is characterized by extremely high ammunition expenditure rates. The principal functions of CSS in urban areas are to arm, fuel, fix, and man the combat systems.Ī. Position support units near drop or landing zones (DZ/LZ) for resupply from corps to forward units to reduce surface movement. Plan for requesting and distributing special equipment such as body armor, toggle ropes with grappling hooks, ladders, and hand tools. Position support units as far forward as the tactical situation permits. Plan for and use host country support and civil resources when practical. Plan for carrying parties and litter bearers. Protect supplies and CSS elements from the effects of enemy fire both by seeking cover and avoiding detection.ĭisperse and decentralize CSS elements with proper emphasis on communication, command and control, security, and proximity of main supply route (MSR) for resupply. Provide supplies to using units in required quantities as close as possible to the location where those supplies are needed. Preconfigure resupply loads and push them forward at every opportunity. Regardless of the conditions under which UO are conducted, there are some general guidelines for CSS. The guidelines and principal functions of CSS are explained in this section. All types of Infantry forces can use the TTP in this chapter, with modifications.Īlthough UO present a different set of problems, the supply and movement operations of the support platoon change little. This chapter focuses primarily on battalion-level CSS, but brigade- and company-level tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) have been inserted where applicable. Solutions to these problems require innovative techniques and in-depth planning. Increased ammunition consumption, casualties, transportation difficulties resulting from rubble, and the decentralized nature of operations all challenge the battalion CSS operators and planners. During urban operations (UO), the terrain and the nature of the operations create unique demands on the battalion combat service support (CSS) system.
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